Table of Contents
- Executive Summary: Cyclodextrin Drug Delivery Outlook 2025–2029
- Key Technological Advances Transforming Cyclodextrin Systems
- Major Industry Players and Their 2025 Strategies
- Market Size, Growth, and Forecasts Through 2029
- Innovative Applications: Oncology, CNS, and Beyond
- Regulatory Landscape & Compliance Developments
- Manufacturing Trends: Scale-Up, Purity, and Supply Chain
- Strategic Partnerships, Licensing, and M&A Activity
- Challenges: Stability, Solubility, and Patient Safety
- Future Outlook: Disruptive Trends & Investment Opportunities
- Sources & References
Executive Summary: Cyclodextrin Drug Delivery Outlook 2025–2029
Cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems (CD-DDS) are poised for significant advancements in the 2025–2029 period, with new product launches, regulatory developments, and commercial partnerships shaping the landscape. Cyclodextrins—cyclic oligosaccharides with a hydrophobic cavity—enhance solubility, stability, and bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and their safety profile continues to drive adoption across various therapeutic areas.
As of 2025, several pharmaceutical products leveraging cyclodextrin technology have achieved regulatory approval and commercial success. Notably, Cydex Pharmaceuticals (a Pfizer company) continues to supply sulfobutylether-beta-cyclodextrin (SBECD), a key excipient in injectable formulations such as intravenous voriconazole (Pfizer) and remdesivir (Gilead Sciences). These approvals validate cyclodextrin’s role in enabling formulations for poorly soluble compounds and are likely to encourage further investment into CD-DDS platforms.
Industry players are actively expanding manufacturing capabilities and exploring novel cyclodextrin derivatives. Wacker Chemie AG and Roquette continue to invest in production of pharmaceutical-grade cyclodextrins, supporting both established products and new clinical pipelines. Roquette’s KLEPTOSE® line, for example, is widely used in global markets, with ongoing R&D focused on new functionalized cyclodextrins targeting improved drug encapsulation and release profiles.
A growing number of clinical-stage companies are pursuing cyclodextrin-enabled therapies for rare and challenging diseases. Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals is advancing Trappsol® Cyclo™, an investigational cyclodextrin therapy for Niemann-Pick disease type C, with pivotal trial results expected within the outlook period. Similarly, Zentiva and PCX Pharma are developing generic and innovative formulations utilizing cyclodextrins for oncology, CNS, and anti-infective indications.
Looking ahead, the market is anticipated to benefit from regulatory harmonization efforts, particularly as organizations such as the U.S. Pharmacopeia and European Medicines Agency refine guidance on cyclodextrin use, quality, and safety in drug products. Additionally, sustainability considerations—such as green manufacturing and bio-based sourcing—are influencing supplier strategies, with Wacker Chemie AG and Roquette both highlighting environmental responsibility in their production roadmaps.
In summary, the 2025–2029 period is expected to see further mainstreaming of cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems, with increased clinical adoption, broader supplier engagement, and ongoing innovation in formulation science positioning CD-DDS as a core technology in the next generation of pharmaceuticals.
Key Technological Advances Transforming Cyclodextrin Systems
Cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems (CD-DDS) are experiencing significant technological transformation in 2025, propelled by the convergence of advanced formulation techniques, regulatory support, and expanding pharmaceutical applications. Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligosaccharides renowned for their ability to form inclusion complexes with diverse drug molecules, enhancing solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Recent developments have focused on improving the efficiency, safety, and specificity of these systems.
Key advances include the engineering of novel cyclodextrin derivatives with enhanced host-guest interaction profiles. For instance, the pharmaceutical industry is increasingly utilizing modified cyclodextrins, such as sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBECD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD), to address solubility challenges of poorly water-soluble drugs. Companies like Wacker Chemie AG and Roquette are leading suppliers, offering pharmaceutical-grade cyclodextrins for formulation scientists seeking to tailor drug release profiles and minimize toxicity.
Nanotechnology integration is another transformative trend. Cyclodextrin-based nanoparticles and nanosponges—crosslinked CD polymers—are being developed to enable controlled release, targeted delivery, and protection of labile drug molecules. In 2025, Cydex Pharmaceuticals continues to supply Captisol® (a SBECD platform), which is employed in injectable formulations to enhance the solubility and safety of drugs such as remdesivir and carfilzomib. These advances are helping overcome longstanding limitations in parenteral and oral drug delivery.
Furthermore, the regulatory landscape is increasingly supportive of CD-based innovations. The US FDA and EMA have approved several cyclodextrin-enabled pharmaceuticals, bolstering confidence among drug developers to invest in this technology. As of 2025, there is ongoing collaboration between manufacturers and regulatory bodies to refine safety profiles, particularly for chronic use and pediatric applications (Pfizer continues to utilize cyclodextrin excipients in its approved formulations).
Biocompatibility and scalability remain central to commercialization efforts. Leading cyclodextrin producers such as Ashland and Caramol are expanding their manufacturing capacities and developing greener synthesis methods to meet rising demand and sustainability targets.
Looking forward, the next few years are likely to see the emergence of multifunctional CD systems—combining stimuli-responsive release, targeted ligands, and imaging agents—poised to revolutionize precision medicine and personalized drug delivery. The ongoing integration of cyclodextrin systems into complex biologics, vaccines, and gene therapies signals a robust outlook for continued innovation and market growth.
Major Industry Players and Their 2025 Strategies
In 2025, the cyclodextrin-based drug delivery sector is marked by strategic initiatives from leading pharmaceutical and specialty chemical companies. These organizations are leveraging cyclodextrin’s unique encapsulation, solubilization, and stabilization properties to address challenges in drug formulation, targeting, and patient compliance. The following overview highlights major industry players and their current and imminent strategies.
- Ashland Inc. remains a pivotal supplier of pharmaceutical-grade cyclodextrins, particularly hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD). In 2025, Ashland is expanding its portfolio with customized cyclodextrin derivatives, focusing on enhanced solubility solutions for poorly water-soluble drugs. The company’s strategy emphasizes collaborative development with pharmaceutical innovators for both oral and parenteral formulations, underscoring its recent investments in advanced excipient manufacturing capacity.
- Wacker Chemie AG, a global leader in cyclodextrin production, is intensifying efforts in the area of highly purified cyclodextrins for regulated markets. Wacker’s CAVAMAX and CAVASOL brands are being positioned for next-generation drug delivery platforms, including inhalation therapies and nanoparticle-based systems. The company’s 2025 strategy includes expanding technical support and application development services for pharmaceutical partners aiming to accelerate time-to-market for novel drug formulations.
- Roquette continues to invest in the scalability and regulatory compliance of its KLEPTOSE line of cyclodextrins. For 2025, Roquette’s focus is on facilitating the development of orphan drugs and pediatric formulations where cyclodextrin-based solubilization offers critical advantages. Strategic partnerships with biotech firms are being fostered to co-develop proprietary cyclodextrin-enabled platforms, supporting innovation in injectables and controlled-release technologies.
- Zschimmer & Schwarz is advancing its cyclodextrin portfolio with a focus on tailor-made derivatives for specialty drug delivery applications, including transdermal and mucosal routes. The company’s 2025 initiatives include strengthening its global distribution network and collaborating with pharmaceutical manufacturers to address formulation bottlenecks associated with complex active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).
- Sigma-Aldrich (Merck KGaA) is supporting pharmaceutical R&D with a broad catalog of research-grade and GMP-compliant cyclodextrins. In 2025, it is launching new analytical support tools and technical services designed to streamline the development of cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems from early research to commercial scale.
Looking ahead, these industry leaders are prioritizing regulatory alignment, supply chain resilience, and tailored technical services. The collective emphasis is on expanding cyclodextrin’s applications in advanced therapeutics, including RNA delivery, oncology, and rare diseases, positioning cyclodextrin-based technologies as a cornerstone of innovative drug delivery in the latter half of the decade.
Market Size, Growth, and Forecasts Through 2029
Cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems have seen steady market growth through 2025, largely due to their unique ability to enhance the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of various pharmaceutical compounds. The ongoing demand for advanced drug delivery technologies—particularly in the formulation of poorly water-soluble drugs—continues to drive the adoption of cyclodextrin derivatives across both generic and innovative pharmaceutical pipelines.
As of early 2025, the global cyclodextrin market—encompassing pharmaceutical, food, and industrial uses—is valued at over $400 million, with the pharmaceutical segment representing a significant and expanding share. This growth is underpinned by the widespread use of β-cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD), and sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBEβCD) as excipients in approved injectable and oral drug formulations. Leading companies such as Wacker Chemie AG and Roquette Frères report increased demand for high-purity pharmaceutical-grade cyclodextrins, with new manufacturing capacities being established to meet forecasted needs.
Recent product approvals underscore the sector’s momentum. For example, Pfizer utilizes cyclodextrin excipients in certain parenteral formulations to enhance solubility and patient safety. Notably, Johnson & Johnson employs SBEβCD in its antifungal agent Cresemba® (isavuconazonium sulfate) for improved drug delivery. Such precedents have encouraged further clinical development programs leveraging cyclodextrin complexes for oncology, CNS, and anti-infective therapies.
Looking forward, the cyclodextrin-based drug delivery market is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 6–8% through 2029, reflecting both increased pharmaceutical R&D investment and the entry of novel drug–cyclodextrin complexes. Key drivers include expansion into biologics stabilization, targeted delivery, and controlled-release platforms. Companies like Cydex Pharmaceuticals (a subsidiary of Pfizer specializing in cyclodextrin technology) and Campoverde Group are actively developing new cyclodextrin derivatives and custom formulations tailored to specific drug candidates and delivery routes.
Regional growth is particularly robust in North America and Europe, where regulatory pathways for cyclodextrin-containing products are well established. However, manufacturers in Asia-Pacific—including Zibo Qianhui Biological Technology Co., Ltd.—are rapidly scaling up production to serve both domestic and global pharmaceutical markets.
By 2029, continued pipeline launches, regulatory approvals, and manufacturing scale-ups are expected to solidify the position of cyclodextrin-based delivery systems as a key enabling technology in the global pharmaceutical excipients sector.
Innovative Applications: Oncology, CNS, and Beyond
Cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems are poised to play a transformative role in pharmaceutical innovation, particularly in oncology, central nervous system (CNS) disorders, and several emerging therapeutic areas. As of 2025, the focus has shifted from traditional solubility enhancement to harnessing cyclodextrins for improved targeting, reduced toxicity, and enabling novel administration routes for challenging drugs.
In oncology, cyclodextrin inclusion complexes are increasingly leveraged to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble chemotherapeutics. For instance, Merck KGaA highlights the use of sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) in formulations like intravenous voriconazole and the anti-cancer agent irinotecan, reducing the need for harmful surfactants and mitigating adverse reactions. Newer cyclodextrin derivatives are under investigation for encapsulating small-molecule kinase inhibitors and DNA-interacting drugs, aiming to optimize therapeutic windows and enable oral or intranasal delivery.
For CNS disorders, cyclodextrin-based carriers are being explored for their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and enhance central targeting. Cydex Pharmaceuticals (a subsidiary of Pfizer Inc.) continues to advance SBE-β-CD technology, with several ongoing projects focused on neurodegenerative conditions. Notably, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) is the subject of clinical research for Niemann-Pick disease type C, showing promise in facilitating brain delivery of therapeutic agents.
Beyond oncology and CNS, cyclodextrins are enabling advances in gene therapy, vaccine delivery, and antimicrobial applications. Companies such as Wacker Chemie AG are actively developing custom cyclodextrin excipients tailored for nucleic acid and peptide payloads, aiming to improve stability and mucosal absorption. In vaccine formulation, cyclodextrins are being evaluated as adjuvants and stabilizers, with potential impacts on mRNA and subunit vaccine platforms.
Looking forward, the next few years are expected to see increased regulatory approvals of cyclodextrin-enabled drugs, expanded indications for existing products, and the introduction of advanced conjugates such as targeted nanocarriers and stimuli-responsive delivery systems. Collaboration between pharmaceutical innovators and cyclodextrin manufacturers is intensifying, as evidenced by strategic partnerships and licensing agreements. The expanding toolbox of cyclodextrin derivatives—combined with a deeper understanding of their pharmacokinetics and safety—positions these carriers at the forefront of next-generation drug delivery solutions.
Regulatory Landscape & Compliance Developments
The regulatory landscape for cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems (CD-DDS) is poised for significant evolution in 2025 and the coming years, as global authorities adapt to the growing adoption of cyclodextrins in pharmaceutical formulations. Cyclodextrins—specifically β-cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD), and sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBECD)—are increasingly recognized for their ability to enhance solubility, stability, and bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA), have issued specific guidelines for the use and safety assessment of cyclodextrins, but new developments are anticipated as the technology advances.
In the United States, cyclodextrins like HPβCD and SBECD are listed in the FDA’s Inactive Ingredient Database, with established maximum daily intake limits for various dosage forms. The FDA continues to monitor post-market safety data and is expected to update guidance on acceptable use levels and analytical control requirements as more novel drug products reach regulatory review in 2025. Notably, recent approvals of injectable formulations containing SBECD, such as remdesivir and voriconazole, underscore the agency’s openness to cyclodextrin excipients when justified by safety and efficacy data (U.S. Food and Drug Administration).
In the European Union, the EMA has also established monographs and safety recommendations for cyclodextrins, particularly focusing on patient populations at risk, such as those with renal impairment. Ongoing regulatory dialogue centers around the risk-benefit assessment of chronic exposure and pediatric use, with anticipated revisions to technical guidelines on excipient labeling and risk management in 2025. The European Medicines Agency is facilitating industry workshops to address novel cyclodextrin derivatives and their implications for regulatory submissions and post-approval surveillance.
Meanwhile, leading suppliers such as WACKER Chemie AG and Roquette are working closely with regulatory bodies to ensure compliance of their pharmaceutical-grade cyclodextrins with evolving pharmacopeial standards. These companies are investing in comprehensive documentation, traceability, and impurity profiling to support regulatory filings. WACKER, for instance, announced expanded GMP-compliant production capacities for HPβCD in 2024, aimed at meeting anticipated increases in global demand and stricter quality requirements.
Looking ahead, the regulatory outlook for CD-DDS is marked by a trend toward harmonization of standards, increased scrutiny of excipient safety data, and the integration of advanced analytical methods for impurity and interaction profiling. Companies are encouraged to proactively engage with regulators and participate in collaborative consortia to shape the future compliance environment of cyclodextrin-enabled drug delivery technologies.
Manufacturing Trends: Scale-Up, Purity, and Supply Chain
Cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems (CD-DDS) have witnessed significant advancements in manufacturing trends as the pharmaceutical industry increasingly emphasizes scalability, purity, and supply chain security. In 2025, scale-up capabilities remain a focal point, with leading manufacturers expanding production lines to meet growing global demand for cyclodextrins (CDs) as excipients and active formulation components. For instance, Wacker Chemie AG, a major supplier of pharmaceutical-grade cyclodextrins, has continued to invest in its facilities to ensure consistent supply and meet quality standards for large-scale applications. These investments are aimed at supporting both established drugs utilizing CDs and new product launches that leverage the solubilization and stabilization benefits of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes.
Purity standards are another area of active development. The demand for high-purity, low-endotoxin cyclodextrins has led to the implementation of advanced purification techniques, such as multi-stage crystallization and membrane-based separation, to minimize impurities that could affect drug efficacy or safety. Companies like Cydex Pharmaceuticals (a subsidiary of Ligand Pharmaceuticals) supply sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBECD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) that comply with stringent pharmacopeial requirements, supporting their use in parenteral formulations and sensitive biologics.
Supply chain resilience has become paramount, especially following disruptions experienced in recent years. Manufacturers are increasingly forming strategic partnerships with regional suppliers of raw materials (starch and reagents) to reduce geographic risk and ensure traceability. For example, Roquette continues to develop vertically integrated supply chains for its KLEPTOSE® range, enhancing both availability and regulatory compliance for global customers.
Looking forward, the outlook for cyclodextrin manufacturing in the next few years is shaped by regulatory harmonization, digitalization of quality control, and a shift toward greener processes. Initiatives to standardize CD-DDS specifications across major pharmacopeias are underway, facilitating smoother international approvals. Digital batch tracking and real-time analytics, adopted by manufacturers such as Wacker Chemie AG, are supporting proactive quality assurance and efficient recalls if necessary. Furthermore, process intensification and enzymatic synthesis of cyclodextrins are being developed to reduce environmental impact and reliance on hazardous reagents, aligning with broader sustainability goals in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Strategic Partnerships, Licensing, and M&A Activity
The cyclodextrin-based drug delivery sector is experiencing notable momentum in strategic partnerships, licensing agreements, and mergers & acquisitions (M&A) as of 2025. This activity is being propelled by the growing need for advanced formulations enabling improved solubility, stability, and targeted delivery of a diverse range of pharmaceuticals.
Several industry leaders continue to foster collaborations to leverage cyclodextrin technology platforms. For instance, CycloLab Cyclodextrin Research & Development Ltd., a pioneer in cyclodextrin chemistry, has entered into multiple licensing arrangements with biotechnology and pharmaceutical firms seeking to incorporate cyclodextrin derivatives into their product pipelines. Notably, their agreements often center on applications in oncology, central nervous system disorders, and rare diseases, where solubility and bioavailability challenges are pronounced.
On the manufacturing side, Wacker Chemie AG continues to expand its partnerships with global pharmaceutical companies to supply pharmaceutical-grade cyclodextrins, supporting both existing and new drug formulations. In early 2025, Wacker announced its intent to scale up production capacity at its Burghausen site, reflecting robust demand and several new supply agreements with leading generic and specialty pharma companies.
M&A activity is also shaping the competitive landscape. In the past year, Roquette completed the acquisition of a majority stake in a specialty cyclodextrin producer, broadening its functional excipients portfolio and enhancing its ability to deliver customized solutions to pharmaceutical partners. This move is expected to accelerate the adoption of cyclodextrin-enabled formulations, particularly for poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).
Strategic alliances increasingly focus on next-generation cyclodextrin derivatives, such as sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBECD), which are gaining regulatory and commercial traction. Companies like Cydex Pharmaceuticals (a subsidiary of Ligand Pharmaceuticals) continue to license their proprietary SBECD technology, which is already utilized in several FDA-approved injectables, to new partners seeking to reformulate existing drugs or develop novel therapeutics. These licensing agreements often include milestone payments and royalties, reflecting the value placed on advanced cyclodextrin platforms.
Looking ahead, industry observers anticipate that strategic partnerships, licensing, and targeted M&A will remain central to innovation and market expansion within the cyclodextrin-based drug delivery domain through 2025 and beyond. These collaborations are expected to unlock further therapeutic potential, streamline regulatory pathways, and expand market access for both established and emerging drug products enabled by cyclodextrin technologies.
Challenges: Stability, Solubility, and Patient Safety
Cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems have garnered significant interest due to their ability to enhance the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. However, as the field matures in 2025, several challenges continue to shape its trajectory—chief among them are issues related to formulation stability, drug solubility, and patient safety.
Stability remains a core concern, particularly for formulations intended for long-term storage or complex therapeutic agents such as biologics. Cyclodextrins can protect active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from environmental degradation, yet the inclusion complexes may still be sensitive to humidity and temperature fluctuations. Recent technical reports from Wacker Chemie AG highlight the need for careful choice of cyclodextrin type (α-, β-, or γ-cyclodextrin and their derivatives) to match the physicochemical properties of the API and optimize shelf life. Moreover, the stability of cyclodextrin-drug complexes is influenced by the presence of excipients and the method of formulation, impacting scalability and commercial viability.
Solubility enhancement remains a principal advantage of cyclodextrin carriers. However, not all drug molecules interact favorably with cyclodextrins; some may display limited affinity, leading to suboptimal complexation and insufficient solubility improvement. To address this, manufacturers such as Roquette are advancing the development of chemically modified cyclodextrins (e.g., hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) to broaden the range of compatible drugs, with several new excipient grades introduced or scheduled for release in the coming years. These innovations aim to overcome the solubility ceiling seen with native cyclodextrins and to facilitate more effective intravenous and oral formulations.
Patient safety, particularly in parenteral and pediatric use, is another pressing area. Regulatory authorities have expressed concerns about the renal clearance and potential toxicity of certain cyclodextrins, especially at high doses or with repeated administration. Pfizer, which incorporates cyclodextrin-based excipients in select injectables, emphasizes ongoing pharmacovigilance and post-market surveillance to monitor for adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity or hypersensitivity. Furthermore, regulatory guidance from entities like the European Medicines Agency (EMA) underscores the need for comprehensive toxicological assessments for any new cyclodextrin derivative entering clinical trials or seeking approval in the next few years.
Looking forward, overcoming these challenges will require collaborative efforts between excipient producers, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and regulatory agencies. The focus for 2025 and beyond will be on tailoring cyclodextrin chemistry for specific APIs, rigorously validating safety profiles, and ensuring robust, scalable manufacturing processes to deliver on the promise of safer, more effective drug delivery systems.
Future Outlook: Disruptive Trends & Investment Opportunities
Cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems are poised for significant evolution in 2025 and the coming years, driven by disruptive trends in pharmaceutical formulation and expanding biopharmaceutical pipelines. As pharmaceutical companies seek to optimize drug solubility, stability, and targeted delivery, cyclodextrins are increasingly recognized for their ability to encapsulate hydrophobic molecules, enhance bioavailability, and mitigate adverse effects.
A notable trend is the growing adoption of modified cyclodextrins—such as hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin—in injectable and oral formulations. For instance, Pfizer and Gilead Sciences have utilized sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin in the formulation of remdesivir (Veklury®), highlighting regulatory acceptance and clinical relevance. This sets a precedent for further expansion into complex small molecules, peptide drugs, and nucleic acid therapeutics.
Looking ahead, the integration of cyclodextrins with nanoparticle and liposomal platforms represents a disruptive advance. Companies such as MilliporeSigma (part of Merck KGaA) are supplying pharmaceutical-grade cyclodextrins for research and clinical development in nano-enabled drug delivery. These hybrid systems are expected to improve targeting, prolong circulation time, and enable controlled release, opening new avenues for oncology, CNS, and rare disease therapies.
Another opportunity lies in the field of gene and RNA therapeutics. Cyclodextrin-based carriers are under investigation for the delivery of oligonucleotides and mRNA, with customization of cyclodextrin derivatives to optimize cellular uptake and reduce immunogenicity. CyDex Pharmaceuticals, a subsidiary of Ligand Pharmaceuticals, continues to expand its Captisol® technology platform, supporting collaborations with biotech firms focused on next-generation biologics and gene therapies.
Sustainability and green chemistry are also influencing investment decisions, with cyclodextrins derived from renewable starch sources and production processes being optimized for lower environmental impact. Wacker Chemie AG is advancing sustainable manufacturing of cyclodextrins, positioning itself to meet the demands of both pharmaceutical clients and evolving regulatory standards.
With patent expirations and rising demand for improved drug formulations, investment opportunities are robust. Strategic partnerships between pharmaceutical innovators, cyclodextrin manufacturers, and CDMO providers are accelerating product pipelines and market access. As more complex therapies enter clinical trials and regulatory approvals, cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems are expected to see expanded adoption, particularly in precision medicine and personalized therapeutics.
